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KMID : 1143420200130342523
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Public Health Weekly Report
2020 Volume.13 No. 34 p.2523 ~ p.2533
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Surveillance of Acute Flaccid Paralysis in the Republic of Korea, 2019
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Lee Yong-Pyo
Kang Hae-Ji
Yoon Young-Sil
Choi Woo-Young
Han Myung-Guk
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Abstract
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Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (KCDC) participated in Global Eradication of Poliomyelitis Program. As Polio National-Laboratory by World Health Organization (WHO), KCDC has conducted acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance system to monitor the progress of poliomyelitis eradication since 1998.
The AFP surveillance was conducted through reporting and laboratory testing according to WHO recommendations. Conventional tube cell culture method was used for virus isolation and the isolates were identified by ITD (Intratypic differentiation) kit. For viral detection, clinical specimens were tested, using both real-time reverse transcription polymerase reaction (Real-time RT-PCR) and conventional RT-PCR to amplify part of 5’-NCR and VP1 gene respectively.
Non-polio AFP rate (WHO-recommended surveillance standard of poliomyelitis is 1.0) was 1.2 in 2019. Eighty one cases were reported from fourteen provinces in 2019. Only 10 of the 17 provinces satisfied the target as 1.0 or higher for WHO’s annual non-polio AFP rate. A total of 161 clinical specimens were collected from 81 patients, 16 cases (19.8%) were positive for non-polio Enterovirus (NPEV). In 2019, among the total of 81 cases, Guillain-Barre Syndrome (25.9%, 21/81) was the major leading cause of AFP.
Non-polio AFP rate in 2019 was 1.2 which was higher than previous year non-polio AFP rate (1.0). But the rate of adequate specimen collection from AFP cases in 2019 decreased to 86.0% compared to 90% in 2018. Since the non-polio AFP rate is below the standard 1.0 in some province. The further cooperate with regional participating hospitals is necessary to improve the sensitivity of AFP surveillance. This nationalwide AFP surveillance could provide evidence that Republic of Korea continues to maintain Polio-free status.
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KEYWORD
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Acute Flaccid Paralysis, Poliovirus, Enterovirus, Poliomyelitis
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